In a heartfelt account, Kat Frize, a 39-year-old mother from the Midlands, has shared her arduous journey towards receiving a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) nearly two years ago. Her experiences have spotlighted a critical issue in mental health: the alarming underdiagnosis of ADHD among women and girls. As we approach International Women’s Day, experts are echoing her concerns, urging for increased awareness and improved diagnostic practices to ensure that those affected receive the support they need.
A Long Road to Diagnosis
Frize’s struggles were profound and multifaceted. Throughout her life, she battled severe exhaustion, difficulties in maintaining relationships, and frequent accidents that landed her in hospital. It wasn’t until the birth of her daughter, who has since been diagnosed with both ADHD and autism, that Frize began to reflect on her own symptoms. Faced with long NHS waiting lists, she took the initiative to seek a private diagnosis, a privilege not afforded to many in similar circumstances.
Her diagnosis at the age of 37 marked a pivotal turning point. The first day she began treatment was transformative, as she described feeling a sense of clarity that had eluded her for decades. “It was a moment of great revelation,” she recalled, highlighting the profound impact that appropriate medical attention can have on an individual’s life.
The Underdiagnosis Crisis
Frize’s story is not an isolated one; it mirrors the experiences of countless women and girls who suffer from ADHD but remain undiagnosed. Research indicates that while the reported ratio of boys to girls diagnosed with ADHD in childhood is approximately 3:1, this disparity narrows to 1:1 in adulthood. This shift suggests that many women and girls are not receiving timely diagnoses, which can lead to significant challenges later in life.
Dr Chris Abbott, chief medical officer at Care ADHD, elaborated on the complexities of diagnosing ADHD in females. He explained that girls often exhibit symptoms that differ from traditional perceptions of ADHD, such as inattentiveness or disorganisation, rather than overt hyperactivity or impulsiveness. These traits can lead to a misunderstanding of their condition, as societal expectations often dictate that girls should be subdued and compliant.
The Impact of ‘Masking’
Many women develop sophisticated coping mechanisms to navigate their undiagnosed ADHD, a phenomenon known as ‘masking’. By over-preparing, mimicking more organised peers, or suppressing their natural impulses, they may appear to thrive on the surface. However, this façade can come at a significant psychological cost, leading to chronic stress, anxiety, and exhaustion.
Reflecting on her own missed opportunities for diagnosis, Frize recounted instances where her symptoms could have been identified earlier, such as during medical assessments for her fatigue. “It wasn’t that I was the problem; it was just that my brain worked differently,” she stated, emphasising the importance of recognising these conditions for what they are, rather than attributing blame to the individual.
A Call for Change in Healthcare
With more than half a million individuals reportedly waiting for an ADHD assessment within the NHS, Frize is advocating for greater awareness and support for women facing similar challenges. She believes that increased access to services and research is crucial for improving outcomes. “My diagnosis and subsequent treatment have been genuinely life-changing,” she noted, adding that it has enabled her to be a more present and effective mother.
In response to the growing concern about ADHD diagnosis and treatment, an NHS spokesperson acknowledged the need for improvements in care, particularly for women and girls. They are implementing recommendations from an independent ADHD taskforce aimed at reducing waiting times and enhancing support services.
Furthermore, a government representative confirmed that an independent review is underway to assess the delivery of ADHD, mental health, and autism services, ensuring that patients receive the necessary support. The government has also announced a funding allocation of £9.5 million for 2025-26 to extend neurodiversity initiatives in schools, reaching over 300,000 children.
Why it Matters
The narrative surrounding ADHD diagnosis is crucial, particularly as it pertains to women and girls who have historically been overlooked. As Frize’s story illustrates, a timely diagnosis can be transformative, offering individuals the tools they need to thrive. Addressing the systemic barriers to diagnosis and treatment is not merely a matter of healthcare; it is a societal obligation. Ensuring that women and girls receive the support they need can lead to improved mental health outcomes, fulfilling lives, and a greater understanding of ADHD’s impact across generations.
