**
As we journey through life, our bodies inevitably undergo changes, many of which are visible—think wrinkles, grey hair, and shifts in muscle tone. However, lurking beneath the surface are transformations happening in our hearts that often go unnoticed. In recognition of Heart Health Month this February, we delve into the insights of Dr Anish Bhuva, a consultant cardiologist at HCA Healthcare UK The Wellington Hospital, who reveals how our cardiovascular health evolves with age and offers practical advice to mitigate these effects.
The Heart’s Structural Changes Over Time
With advancing age, the heart, like other muscles in the body, experiences a gradual decline in mass. Dr Bhuva explains, “Muscles generally lose their mass over time, and the heart is no exception. It can also become thinner, and while this change is part of the natural ageing process, it typically does not pose immediate harm.”
This subtle yet significant transformation is just one of several alterations our hearts undergo.
Aortic Stenosis: A Common Age-Related Condition
Another critical change is the narrowing of the aortic valve, a condition known as aortic stenosis. “The heart comprises four valves that facilitate efficient blood flow,” notes Dr Bhuva. “However, as we age, wear and tear can lead to degeneration of these valves. Calcium build-up can make the aortic valve stiffer and thicker, hampering its ability to open properly.”
This issue can obstruct blood flow from the heart to the rest of the body, leading to various health complications if left unaddressed.
The Stiffening of Blood Vessels
Age also brings about a stiffening of the aorta and other blood vessels, a phenomenon that can increase the risk of stroke and heart disease. “As blood vessels become less flexible, the heart has to work harder,” explains Dr Bhuva. This increased strain can elevate the likelihood of cardiovascular events, underscoring the importance of proactive heart health measures.
The Heart’s Electrical System: Wear and Tear
The heart’s electrical network, responsible for regulating heartbeat rhythms, is also susceptible to ageing. Dr Bhuva elaborates, “Over time, the electrical wires within the heart can experience wear and tear. For some, this can lead to abnormal heart rhythms, which may manifest as palpitations, dizziness, or, in some cases, no symptoms at all.”
As age progresses, the risk of heart attacks naturally escalates. “Age is the most significant risk factor for heart attacks,” Bhuva warns. “Recognising lifestyle factors that may accelerate heart degeneration is crucial.”
Proactive Steps for Heart Health
While the effects of ageing are inevitable, Dr Bhuva insists there are several proactive steps individuals can take to safeguard their heart health:
1. **Quit Smoking**: “If a family history of heart disease concerns you, the first step is to stop smoking,” advises Bhuva. Smoking significantly damages arteries and promotes the accumulation of cholesterol.
2. **Monitor Blood Pressure and Cholesterol**: Regular check-ups, especially after the age of 40, are vital. Dr Bhuva recommends yearly health assessments to monitor these critical factors.
3. **Adopt a Healthy Diet**: “Aim for a diet rich in fruits and vegetables. Incorporate more oily fish while reducing red meat. It’s also wise to limit artificial sugars,” he suggests.
4. **Stay Active**: “Incorporating movement into your daily routine can work wonders. You don’t need to run marathons—simple activities like daily walks can greatly benefit cardiovascular health,” Dr Bhuva concludes.
Why it Matters
Understanding the ways in which our hearts change as we age empowers us to take charge of our cardiovascular health. By recognising these transformations and implementing preventive measures, individuals can mitigate risks associated with heart disease, ensuring a healthier, more resilient heart well into later life. With informed choices and lifestyle adjustments, we can embrace the ageing process while safeguarding our most vital organ.
