The fate of the Southern Resident Orcas hangs in the balance as the federal government prepares legislation that could fundamentally reshape how major projects are approved in Canada. With only 74 of these majestic creatures remaining, the proposed changes to the environmental review process represent a critical juncture for both Canada’s natural heritage and its economic ambitions. The tension between development and conservation has never been more acute, and the decisions made in the coming months will set precedent for how Canada balances growth with its international obligations to protect endangered species.