As the digital landscape continues to evolve, the Catholic Church finds itself grappling with the implications of artificial intelligence (AI) on faith and community. In a striking address, Pope Leo XIV highlighted the potential perils of AI, suggesting that while technology has the power to enhance our lives, it may also threaten the very essence of human connection and spirituality.
The Pope’s Cautionary Message
Following his election in May 2025, Pope Leo XIV swiftly addressed the issue of AI, echoing sentiments that resonate far beyond the walls of the Vatican. His inaugural address referenced the Church’s long-standing commitment to social teachings, warning that advancements in AI could challenge human dignity, justice, and the nature of work itself. “The Church offers her social teaching… in response to developments in the field of artificial intelligence that pose new challenges,” he stated, emphasising the need for vigilance in navigating this digital age.
Father Stephen Wang, Rector of the Venerable English College in Rome, noted the relief among Catholics at having a pope who acknowledges the complexities of modern technology. The Church is not new to the conversation surrounding AI; initiatives like Magisterium AI, a chatbot designed to share biblical teachings, have already begun to explore the intersection of faith and technology. Yet, as the Pope’s tone shifted from neutral to alarmed in subsequent communications, the urgency of addressing AI’s potential consequences became evident.
AI’s Threat to Human Connection
In his message for the 60th World Day of Social Communications, the Pope escalated his warnings, suggesting that AI could “invade and occupy” our intimate lives, leading to a detachment from genuine human experience. This notion resonates deeply with many within the Church, who fear that reliance on technology may undermine the authentic relationships that are foundational to faith.
Father Stephen articulated a poignant concern: “If AI is substituting for my friend, my librarian, my teacher, my counsellor, my companion, my prayer partner, I become isolated.” The risk of losing the elements that nurture humanity—friendship, community, and spiritual companionship—cannot be understated. The allure of AI lies in its ability to offer seamless answers, yet it is this very convenience that poses a threat to the richness of human interaction and the depth of spiritual practice.
A Historical Perspective on Technology in Faith
Nostalgia for past technological transitions colours the Catholic Church’s current response to AI. Naoise Grenham, a senior policy and research analyst for the Catholic Bishops’ Conference of England and Wales, pointed out that the Church was somewhat slow to engage with the rise of social media. Now, with AI emerging as a significant force, the Church aims to be more proactive, recognising that the effects of AI extend beyond mere content to influence consciousness itself.
With a foundation rooted in physical and communal experiences, Catholicism may face unique challenges as AI evolves. The rituals and sacraments that require personal interaction are integral to the faith, yet the convenience of AI threatens to diminish the effort and time invested in spiritual practices. Bishop Paul Hendricks, the Lead Bishop for AI, warned of a future where individuals may opt for the ease of a chatbot over the demands of a genuine spiritual relationship—a prospect that could lead to a form of idolatry.
The Future of Faith in the Age of AI
Despite the concerns surrounding AI, there remains a glimmer of hope among clergy. Father Josef Wieneke, pastor at St Matthias Catholic Church in Berlin, expressed faith in the enduring power of community and in-person worship. “The Catholic sacraments cannot be performed by a computer. They only work face to face,” he affirmed, suggesting that the Church’s physicality may ultimately safeguard it against the encroachment of technology.
However, not all share this optimism. Father Joseph articulated a more somber view, cautioning that the rapid adoption of AI may lead to significant societal challenges. “I do think things will get very bad for a lot of people in the next 10 years,” he warned, recognising the dual-edged nature of technology—promising benefits alongside daunting risks.
Why it Matters
The Catholic Church’s response to artificial intelligence is emblematic of a broader struggle faced by traditional institutions in a rapidly changing world. As faith communities confront the implications of technology on human nature, the dialogue initiated by leaders like Pope Leo XIV is crucial. This conversation not only examines the potential threats posed by AI but also challenges believers to reflect on the essence of their faith in an increasingly digital society. The outcome of this discourse could shape the future of spirituality, as the Church seeks to remain relevant and grounded amidst the complexities of modern life.
