The Great Lakes region is poised to become a significant player in the clean energy landscape, with innovative submersible hydroelectric technology set to emerge as a crucial component in addressing escalating electricity demands. As major cities such as Chicago, Toronto, and Detroit grapple with rising energy prices, the introduction of next-generation hydropower solutions could reshape the region’s energy infrastructure.
Next-Generation Hydropower Technology
The Ocean Renewable Power Company (ORPC) is spearheading a transformative initiative by launching its first urban hydroelectric project along the St Lawrence River in Montreal. This venture will feature two hydroelectric devices expected to commence operations later this year. ORPC’s CEO, Stuart Davies, emphasises the river’s potential, stating, “The St Lawrence River is one of the best opportunities in North America for our technology because it has consistent, high-velocity water for hundreds of miles. In the Montreal area, there’s 60-90 megawatts of resource potential alone.”
Unlike traditional hydropower, which often relies on dams and reservoirs, ORPC’s submersible devices harness the kinetic energy of water currents using carbon-fibre turbines designed to operate efficiently in flowing water. This innovative approach allows for energy generation without significant ecological disruption, a critical consideration in areas rich in biodiversity.
Expanding the Clean Energy Frontier
Current and tidal-powered hydroelectric systems are gaining traction globally, with notable projects already operational in locations such as Scotland and Korea. For instance, a tidal generator in Scotland can supply electricity to approximately 2,000 homes, while Korea’s Sihwa Lake tidal power station generates an impressive 550GWh annually, equivalent to 862,000 barrels of oil.
In North America, the momentum is increasing. Orbital Marine Power, the company behind the Scottish tidal project, has announced plans to deploy additional devices in Nova Scotia’s Bay of Fundy. ORPC is also set to expand its footprint with a second project planned for the Niagara River in Buffalo, New York, later this year.
This surge in marine energy initiatives comes at a time when electricity costs are rising significantly across the Great Lakes. The New York Public Service Commission recently approved rate increases, which have particularly affected consumers in western New York, including Buffalo. Similar trends are observed in Michigan and Ohio, where the demand for energy from data centres has exacerbated financial pressures on local communities.
Balancing Energy Needs and Environmental Concerns
While the potential benefits of hydropower technology are clear, challenges remain, particularly regarding environmental sustainability. Critics have raised concerns that the installation of hydrokinetic devices could pose risks to local wildlife, especially in ecosystems that host diverse fish species. Anne KC McCooey from the Black Rock Riverside Alliance in Buffalo has stated, “Responsible, sustainable energy sources need to be encouraged. However, the key word is responsible.”
To address these concerns, ORPC highlights its successful track record in Alaska, where its turbines have operated since 2019 without evidence of fish injuries, even in waters frequented by millions of salmon. Furthermore, ongoing research is exploring hydroelectric solutions for slower-moving waterways, such as those in Lake Huron. Professor Michael Bernitsas from the University of Michigan is developing a technology called Vivace, which can generate energy from water currents as slow as half a metre per second. His research suggests that this technology could be commercially viable within two years, offering portable applications in marine environments.
Future Prospects for Hydropower
With the absence of salt in the Great Lakes, corrosion becomes less of an issue, allowing hydropower projects to enjoy longer lifespans and reduced maintenance costs compared to their oceanic counterparts. ORPC is also exploring strategies to anchor tidal devices to riverbeds, mitigating the challenges posed by ice in winter months.
Despite the hurdles, Davies asserts that the growing awareness of hydropower solutions is shifting perceptions. “The biggest challenge is just the lack of awareness of our solution,” he explains. “But that’s really flipped in the last nine months. All of a sudden, our relative competitiveness has changed dramatically.” ORPC is actively engaging with stakeholders from over 70 countries, highlighting the international interest in its innovative technology.
Why it Matters
The introduction of submersible hydropower technology in the Great Lakes region signifies a pivotal shift towards sustainable energy solutions amidst rising electricity costs and increasing demand. As cities seek reliable, eco-friendly options to meet their energy needs, this innovative technology not only promises to deliver clean power but also addresses critical environmental concerns. The potential for hydropower to enhance energy security while fostering ecological responsibility marks a significant step forward in the quest for a sustainable energy future.
