In a significant development for British travellers, the Spanish government has announced that it will commence passport checks for those flying to Gibraltar under a new post-Brexit treaty. This agreement, confirmed on Thursday, represents a crucial step in the ongoing negotiations that have followed the United Kingdom’s departure from the European Union in 2020.
A Shift in Border Dynamics
Under the newly drafted treaty, Gibraltar will maintain its British sovereignty while establishing a “fluid border” that facilitates the movement of people and goods. This arrangement is poised to benefit the approximately 15,000 individuals who traverse the Spain-Gibraltar frontier each day.
However, the agreement includes dual border controls at Gibraltar Airport for travellers arriving from the UK, necessitating checks by both Gibraltar and Spanish authorities. This provision has raised concerns among some, given that it introduces a layer of complexity to an already sensitive situation.
Additionally, the treaty aims to implement a bespoke customs model designed to streamline the process for goods crossing the border, reducing the burden of extensive checks that had previously hampered trade.
Historical Context and Future Prospects
Gibraltar, a territory under British control since it was ceded by Spain in 1713 through the Treaty of Utrecht, has faced ongoing disputes regarding its status. The departure from the EU exacerbated these tensions, as it effectively eliminated the freedom of movement that had previously benefited residents.
Fabian Picardo, Gibraltar’s Chief Minister, has expressed optimism regarding the treaty, stating that it not only preserves the “British way of life” but also unlocks new opportunities for economic growth. He emphasised the treaty’s role in safeguarding the future of Gibraltar and providing clarity for its citizens and businesses.
In support of this sentiment, Foreign Office minister Stephen Doughty highlighted the importance of the treaty in ensuring the economic stability and future integration of Gibraltar within the British framework. He reassured the public that the UK’s commitment to Gibraltar remains steadfast.
Political Reactions and Concerns
Despite the assurances from government officials, the unveiling of the treaty has prompted criticism from opposition parties. Shadow Foreign Office minister Wendy Morton has voiced concerns about the lack of parliamentary scrutiny, arguing that such a comprehensive agreement—spanning over a thousand pages and introducing substantial constitutional changes—should be thoroughly reviewed by Parliament before any provisions take effect.
Morton asserted that Gibraltarians have consistently demonstrated their preference for remaining under British sovereignty, citing the overwhelming rejection of shared sovereignty with Spain in a 2002 referendum. She called for transparency, insisting that any treaty granting Spain additional powers over Gibraltar’s entry, residency, or infrastructure must undergo rigorous examination.
The Road Ahead
As it stands, the draft treaty is yet to be signed and ratified, with its implementation hinging on further discussions. The complexities surrounding Gibraltar’s status in a post-Brexit landscape continue to evolve, and while the new agreement offers a pathway to improved relations, it also underscores the delicate balance between sovereignty and cooperation.
Why it Matters
This treaty is pivotal not just for the practicalities of crossing borders but for the identity of Gibraltar itself. It reflects the ongoing struggle of a community that values its British heritage while navigating the realities of a changing political landscape. As the situation unfolds, the implications will resonate far beyond the borders of Gibraltar, influencing discussions around sovereignty, autonomy, and the future of British territories in Europe.
