As winter deepens, the NHS has reported a troubling rise in norovirus cases, with hospital admissions in England rising by 15 per cent over the past week alone. An average of 950 patients were treated each day for symptoms including vomiting and diarrhoea. With cases of this notorious winter bug tripling compared to earlier in the month, health officials are urging the public to take preventative measures seriously.
Understanding Norovirus
Norovirus is a highly infectious virus that triggers gastroenteritis—an inflammation of the stomach and intestines. Dr Chun Tang, a GP at Pall Mall Medical, explains, “It spreads with alarming ease through contaminated food, water, surfaces, or through direct contact with an infected individual.” You can contract the virus simply by touching surfaces that harbour it and then ingesting it, or by consuming food prepared by someone who is infected.
It is crucial to note that norovirus is not a strain of influenza; it exclusively targets the gastrointestinal tract. Dr Ashwin Sharma from MedExpress clarifies, “Unlike respiratory viruses like the flu, norovirus is specific to your gut.” Many people mistakenly assume they are no longer contagious once they feel better, but Dr Sharma warns that individuals can remain infectious for up to two weeks after symptoms have subsided.
Who Is Most Vulnerable?
Norovirus can affect anyone, but it spreads rapidly in communal settings such as schools, hospitals, and care homes. Dr Tang highlights that young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems are particularly susceptible to severe symptoms. “Even healthy adults can fall ill due to its high contagion rate,” he notes, underscoring the virus’s potential impact.
Recognising the Symptoms
Symptoms of norovirus typically manifest as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea. Dr Sharma adds that some individuals may also experience fever, headaches, and muscle aches. “It’s essential to monitor these signs closely and seek medical advice if they worsen or persist,” he advises.
The risk of dehydration is a significant concern, particularly for young children and older adults, as vomiting and diarrhoea can quickly lead to fluid loss. Dr Tang recommends maintaining hydration by drinking plenty of fluids. While over-the-counter medications can alleviate fever and aches, the primary focus should be on rest and allowing the virus to run its course.
Preventing Norovirus
Prevention is crucial in curbing the spread of norovirus. Dr Tang emphasises the importance of frequent handwashing with soap and water, especially after using the toilet and before meals. “Hand sanitizers are not as effective against norovirus,” he warns, making traditional handwashing even more critical.
Cleaning and disinfecting surfaces—particularly in kitchens and bathrooms—along with thoroughly washing fruits and vegetables, are essential steps in reducing the risk of infection. If someone in your immediate vicinity contracts norovirus, it is wise to limit direct contact and maintain scrupulous hygiene.
Why it Matters
The alarming escalation in norovirus cases serves as a reminder of the importance of hygiene, especially during the winter months when the virus is most prevalent. With hospital beds increasingly occupied by those affected, understanding how to prevent and respond to norovirus can protect vulnerable populations and alleviate the burden on healthcare systems. As the saying goes, an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure—and in the case of norovirus, it could mean the difference between a mild illness and a hospital stay.
