In a significant shift set to reshape the landscape of special educational needs in England, the government has unveiled plans to overhaul the existing system by 2035. Under this new framework, only children with the most complex special educational needs will qualify for education, health, and care plans (EHCPs). While existing plan holders will retain their entitlements until at least September 2029, the changes have raised concerns among educational professionals about funding and resource allocation.
Key Changes to the Special Educational Needs Framework
Education Secretary Bridget Phillipson, speaking at a school in Peterborough, emphasised that the reforms aim to enhance inclusivity within mainstream schools and provide improved life opportunities for children with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND). The announcement aligns with the broader Schools White Paper, which outlines legislative proposals designed to address pressing issues in the education sector.
As part of this initiative, the government has pledged £4 billion over the next three years to support the integration of SEND students into mainstream education. This funding will be distributed as follows: £1.6 billion directly to schools, early years settings, and colleges, while £1.8 billion is earmarked for increased access to specialist support, including trained teachers and therapists.
New Individual Support Plans for Students
One of the pivotal changes involves the introduction of individual support plans (ISPs) for all students with SEND. These plans will be developed collaboratively by schools and parents, outlining each child’s specific needs and the corresponding support required. Instead of EHCPs, which will now be limited to a select group of students receiving “specialist” support, the ISPs will categorise support into three tiers: “targeted,” “targeted plus,” and “specialist.”
For instance, pupils currently in Year 2 will be reassessed for their support needs when they reach Year 6, marking a significant shift in how educational support is structured and provided.
Concerns Over Funding and Implementation
Despite the optimistic outlook presented by the government, there are significant concerns regarding the adequacy of funding. The National Education Union has cautioned that without substantial additional resources, schools may struggle to meet the new expectations placed upon them. The funding announced thus far has been described as insufficient, with critics highlighting that it may not adequately address the existing needs within the system.
The Office for Budget Responsibility has projected that the financial gap between what councils receive for SEND and their actual spending could reach £6 billion by 2028-2029. This looming challenge raises questions about the sustainability of the new initiatives and the government’s ability to effectively implement the proposed changes.
Reactions from Educational Leaders
Reactions to the proposed reforms have been mixed. Conservative shadow education secretary Laura Trott expressed concerns over the lack of clarity regarding how the government intends to bridge the projected £6 billion gap in funding. Meanwhile, Liberal Democrats education spokeswoman Munira Wilson acknowledged the government’s efforts but warned that the success of the reforms will hinge on the specifics of their execution.
Teaching unions have welcomed the proposed changes, recognising the need for reform in the SEND system. However, they have stressed that successful implementation will rely heavily on adequate funding and a clear roadmap for schools. Union leaders have indicated that the measures outlined in the White Paper are merely a starting point and that further details are crucial for ensuring equitable support for all students.
Why it Matters
The overhaul of the special educational needs system in England represents a critical moment in educational policy, with the potential to reshape how support is provided to vulnerable children. While the government’s commitment to inclusivity and increased funding is a step in the right direction, the success of these reforms will ultimately depend on the ability to address funding shortfalls and provide clarity to schools and parents alike. The effectiveness of this new framework may well determine the educational outcomes for thousands of children in years to come, making it essential for all stakeholders to engage in the upcoming discussions around implementation and support.
