Rejection Sensitive Dysphoria (RSD) is increasingly gaining recognition as a significant mental health issue, particularly among those with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and autism. This condition amplifies the emotional pain associated with rejection, teasing, or criticism, often leading to intense physical and psychological responses. Individuals like Jenna Turnbull, who describes her experiences with RSD, are shedding light on this complex and often misunderstood condition.
What is Rejection Sensitive Dysphoria?
RSD is characterised by extreme emotional responses to perceived rejection, which may not be as pronounced in individuals without the condition. Sufferers often report feelings of shame and anxiety that can manifest physically, making everyday interactions feel overwhelming. Although RSD is not yet officially recognised as a standalone diagnosis, it is frequently observed in individuals with ADHD and autism, raising awareness of its impact on mental health.
The term “rejection sensitive dysphoria” was first introduced in the 1960s, but it has gained traction in recent years. Social media platforms, particularly Facebook and TikTok, have become vital spaces for individuals to share their experiences, connect with others, and find support. A notable Facebook group dedicated to RSD boasts around 67,000 members, highlighting the growing recognition of the condition.
Personal Stories of Struggle and Resilience
Jenna Turnbull, a 36-year-old civil servant from Cardiff, vividly recalls moments from her childhood that evoke intense shame. A seemingly innocuous comment about her appearance from a classmate left a lasting impact, illustrating how deeply ingrained feelings of inadequacy can persist over decades.
Turnbull’s recollections extend into adulthood, where she faced criticism in both personal and professional settings. After receiving feedback on a work email, she experienced what she thought was an asthma attack, only to discover later that it was a panic attack triggered by overwhelming shame. Such experiences led her to seek help during a particularly challenging period in her life, prompting a diagnosis of ADHD and the exploration of RSD.
The psychiatrist Dr William Dodson, who has studied RSD extensively, notes that while rejection sensitivity is a universal human experience, RSD takes this sensitivity to an extreme level, causing disproportionate emotional distress.
The Broader Implications of RSD
The implications of RSD extend beyond individual experiences and into broader societal contexts, including the workplace. A recent employment tribunal ruling awarded £12,000 to an employee with RSD after her employer made a dismissive comment about her needs during a work event. This case underscores the need for greater awareness and understanding of RSD in professional environments, where individuals may struggle to articulate their challenges.
Despite the growing recognition of RSD, many remain sceptical. Comments on social media often dismiss the condition as a modern excuse for sensitivity, highlighting the stigma that still surrounds mental health issues. Turnbull and others living with RSD frequently encounter disbelief from friends and family, which can exacerbate feelings of isolation and shame.
Seeking Help and Finding Solutions
Support for RSD is beginning to emerge, with health professionals advocating for better understanding and treatment options. Dr Shyamal Mashru, a consultant psychiatrist, emphasises the importance of therapy and emotional coaching for individuals struggling with RSD. Medications typically prescribed for ADHD may also provide relief, though they are not universally effective.
Turnbull has found therapy beneficial in managing her symptoms. After 18 months of dedicated work on her mental health, she feels more capable of recognising her triggers and addressing them constructively. Her decision to apply for a promotion—a daunting prospect just months ago—illustrates her progress in overcoming the debilitating effects of RSD.
Why it Matters
Rejection Sensitive Dysphoria is more than just a label; it represents a profound challenge that affects many individuals’ daily lives. As awareness of RSD grows, it is crucial for society to foster understanding, compassion, and support for those who struggle with this condition. By addressing the stigma and providing appropriate resources, we can help individuals like Turnbull navigate their experiences, transforming their struggles into stories of resilience and hope.
