In a unique and engaging approach to combatting invasive species, Alberta has enlisted the help of specially trained dogs to safeguard its waterways from the threat of invasive mussels. The canine trio—Hilo, Jane, and Winnie—are integral to the province’s Aquatic Invasive Species Programme, tirelessly working alongside human inspectors to ensure that these destructive pests do not establish a foothold in Alberta’s pristine waters.
The Growing Threat of Invasive Mussels
Since the 1980s, invasive mussels have wreaked havoc on ecosystems across the Great Lakes and various Canadian waterways, posing a serious threat to local fish populations. While Alberta has so far escaped the grip of these invaders, the situation is becoming increasingly precarious, especially with the recent establishment of golden mussels in California. Cindy Sawchuk, the head of the province’s Aquatic Invasive Species Operations and Conservation Canine Programme, highlights the urgency of the situation.
“These mussels really like to hide in damp, dark places,” Sawchuk explained, noting the challenge posed by their small size and elusive nature. “The dogs are really complementing that human inspection and giving us a better idea about what could be on that boat.”
How the Programme Works
Alberta initiated its boat inspection efforts in 2013, introducing canine assistance two years later. Currently, the province operates 11 inspection stations where human teams meticulously examine boats for signs of invasive species. While humans rely on visual inspections and tactile checks for the telltale roughness of developing mussels, the dogs utilise their acute sense of smell to detect these hidden threats.
When a dog successfully identifies the scent of invasive mussels, they are rewarded with a favourite toy, reinforcing their training and encouraging them to continue their diligent work. “They are so excited, and it builds up that dopamine when they’re searching, like, ‘Could we find something, could it be here?’” Sawchuk remarked, describing the enthusiastic nature of the dogs as they engage in their vital role.
To keep their skills sharp, trainers occasionally hide real mussels on boats, giving the dogs opportunities to “earn their paycheque,” Sawchuk added.
Meet the Canine Heroes
Among the ranks of Alberta’s canine detectives, Hilo stands out as a seasoned veteran, affectionately nicknamed “The Professor.” Originally trained at a guide dog school in California, Hilo’s slow and methodical approach to searching has made him an invaluable asset since the programme’s inception.
Winnie and Jane bring fresh energy to the team, having been rescued from shelters—Winnie from a local facility and Jane from Mexico. Their diverse backgrounds feed into the programme’s ethos of second chances and dedication to protecting Alberta’s natural resources. A fourth dog, Diesel, now enjoys retirement in a supervisory capacity, having also contributed to the initiative during his active years.
Sawchuk is keen to emphasise that the drive and energy required for this line of work are rare; fewer than one in 1,000 dogs possess the necessary traits. Once trained, these exceptional canines can search shorelines, beaches, and docks, as well as boats themselves. Hilo has even demonstrated his prowess by locating mussels concealed among tall reeds during training exercises in Texas.
Building Bonds for Better Results
The relationship between the dogs and their handlers is crucial for the programme’s success. Sawchuk believes in fostering a strong bond of trust and communication between the two, which enhances their effectiveness in the field. “We really want that bond, right? So, that trust is there; that relationship is there,” she stated, emphasising the importance of teamwork in their shared mission.
Why it Matters
The introduction of canine teams in Alberta’s fight against invasive mussels is not just a creative solution; it is a vital strategy for preserving the province’s waterways and ensuring the health of its ecosystems. With the ongoing threat of invasive species looming ever closer, the collaboration between humans and dogs in this programme serves as a model for innovative conservation efforts. By maintaining vigilance now, Alberta hopes to protect its natural resources for future generations, making the efforts of these remarkable canine companions all the more significant.
