In a momentous event for cultural heritage, France has returned the Djidji Ayôkwé, a sacred talking drum that was taken from Côte d’Ivoire over a century ago. The drum, which holds deep significance to the Ebrié people, was officially handed over to Ivorian officials earlier this month in Paris and was welcomed home at Port Bouët airport in Abidjan on 13 March 2026. This restitution marks a notable advancement in the ongoing dialogue around the return of looted artefacts to their countries of origin.
A Historic Return
The Djidji Ayôkwé was seized by French colonial authorities in 1916 during a period of resistance from the local population against forced labour. Weighing 430 kilograms and measuring four metres in length, the drum served not only as a musical instrument but also as a vital tool for communication across vast distances, conveying messages about important events and emergencies. Its return is perceived as a reconnection to the cultural heritage and historical identity of the Ivorian people.
Aboussou Guy Mobio, chief of the Adjamé-Bingerville community, encapsulated the sentiment surrounding the drum’s return, stating, “After a long stay away from this land, it is returning to its own people… This is the missing piece of the puzzle that is returning today.” His words reflect the shared relief and honour felt by the community, as they view this restitution as a bridge to their ancestors and cultural roots.
Political and Cultural Significance
The drum’s return was facilitated by a promise made by French President Emmanuel Macron in 2021, following years of discussions and advocacy for the repatriation of cultural artefacts. Françoise Remarck, Côte d’Ivoire’s Minister of Culture and Francophonie, expressed her profound emotions during the ceremony, calling it “a moment of justice and remembrance.” She emphasised the drum’s role as a symbol of social cohesion and a vital message for the youth of Côte d’Ivoire, encouraging them to reclaim their history.
As the drum was ceremoniously removed from its crate, traditional dancers performed the tchaman dance, celebrating the return of this cherished artefact. The drum is expected to be permanently displayed at the Musée des Civilisations de Côte d’Ivoire, with a formal exhibition launch anticipated in April. UNESCO has pledged $100,000 to support research and training in preparation for the drum’s future exhibitions.
A Step Towards Broader Repatriation Efforts
The return of the Djidji Ayôkwé is part of a broader movement advocating for the restitution of cultural items taken during colonial times. Sylvie Memel Kassi, a prominent figure in the arts and culture sector, noted that the drum’s return sets a precedent for further repatriation efforts. “We are studying eight other objects,” she revealed, indicating ongoing discussions between Ivorian and French authorities about additional artefacts.
This act of returning the Djidji Ayôkwé signifies not only the restoration of a culturally significant item but also a shift in the relationship between France and its former colonies. The ceremony reflects an acknowledgment of historical injustices and the evolving understanding of cultural heritage in a post-colonial context.
Why it Matters
The restitution of the Djidji Ayôkwé marks a pivotal moment in the global conversation surrounding the repatriation of cultural artefacts. It highlights the importance of recognising historical wrongs and the need for nations to engage in meaningful dialogue about their shared histories. As countries increasingly confront their colonial pasts, this landmark event in Côte d’Ivoire serves as a blueprint for future repatriation efforts, fostering a renewed sense of cultural identity and heritage for the Ivorian people.
