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As the weather warms and bears emerge from hibernation, Alberta’s mountain parks are experiencing a surge in bear sightings, prompting wildlife authorities to issue important safety warnings for those venturing into the backcountry. Nick de Ruyter, director of WildSmart at the Biosphere Institute of the Bow Valley, emphasised the need for caution, noting the bears are particularly active as they search for food after months of dormancy.
Surge in Bear Activity
With spring in full bloom, bears are emerging from their dens, driven by hunger as they seek nourishment. “At this time of year, the bears are looking for food after five to six months of inactivity,” de Ruyter explained. “Their natural habitats are shifting due to lingering snow in higher elevations, while the valley bottoms offer an abundance of green grass and dandelions, which are prime food sources.” These conditions are increasing the likelihood of encounters between bears and visitors to popular hiking trails and campgrounds.
In Banff National Park, a bear warning was issued earlier this week for several trails, including Boom, Arnica, and Twin Lakes, following an incident where a cinnamon-coloured black bear closely approached a hiker. Additionally, Kananaskis Country has seen similar warnings and trail closures, with sightings reported near the Heart Creek Trail and its surroundings, where bears with cubs have been spotted.
Trail Closures and Warnings
The heightened bear activity has led to a series of trail closures and warnings across various locations. In Spray Lakes Provincial Park, the Terrace Trail and Kovach Ski Trails are among those affected. Many visitors are now being advised to steer clear of these areas as a safety precaution. The increasing number of bear encounters can be attributed to the influx of hikers coinciding with the bears’ search for food.
De Ruyter encourages all backcountry users to stay informed about current trail conditions. “It’s crucial to check for warnings and closures before heading out. Bear spray is essential, and you must know how to use it effectively,” he stated. He also highlighted the importance of carrying bear spray on your person, rather than in a backpack, to ensure accessibility in case of an encounter.
Best Practices for Hikers
As outdoor enthusiasts flock to the mountains, de Ruyter shared vital advice for safe hiking practices. Making noise while on the trails is crucial to alert bears to human presence. “Using your voice is far more effective than bear bells,” he remarked. “Going in groups not only amplifies noise but also creates a more intimidating presence for wildlife. Keeping pets on a leash is also essential.”
He underscored that maintaining a safe distance from bears is key to avoiding conflicts. When observing a bear, de Ruyter advises keeping at least 100 metres—roughly the length of ten school buses—away. “If you don’t approach a bear, you’re unlikely to have any issues,” he added, reinforcing the importance of giving wildlife ample space to thrive undisturbed.
Seasonal Movements of Bears
As summer approaches, bears will gradually migrate to higher elevations. However, during berry season, they will return to the valleys in search of ripe fruit. This cyclical behaviour highlights the necessity for ongoing vigilance among hikers as bears transition between habitats. Current information regarding trail conditions and bear warnings can be accessed through the Biosphere Institute of the Bow Valley’s website.
Why it Matters
The rise in bear sightings in Alberta’s mountain parks is not merely a seasonal occurrence but a reminder of the delicate balance between human recreation and wildlife conservation. As more individuals flock to these natural spaces, it is vital to prioritise safety and respect for the environment. By remaining informed and adhering to safety protocols, outdoor enthusiasts can enjoy the beauty of Alberta’s landscapes while coexisting peacefully with its wildlife.