Sierra Leone’s First Lady, Fatima Maada Bio, is under fire for her recent remarks regarding female genital mutilation (FGM). In a controversial statement, she indicated that she would not condemn the practice until she had access to “reliable data” demonstrating its harm. This stance has sparked considerable outrage among health professionals, survivors, and human rights advocates, prompting them to voice their concerns in an open letter to the Organisation of African First Ladies for Development (Oaflad).
Calls for Clarification from Health Professionals
In a letter dated 10 June, a coalition of over 20 health experts, activists, and political figures, including former Minister of Gender and Children’s Affairs, Amy Smythe, expressed their disquiet over Bio’s comments. They warned that perceptions of support for FGM, whether intended or not, could undermine the progress made in combating the practice and contradict national, regional, and international commitments against it.
Fatima Maada Bio, the wife of President Julius Maada Bio, contended that her position is not one of endorsement. However, her refusal to openly condemn FGM has intensified scrutiny of her role as a public figure, especially given her background as an advocate for women’s rights and her campaign against child marriage, dubbed “Hands off our girls.”
The Context of FGM in Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone is among the countries with the highest prevalence of FGM globally. A national survey indicated a decrease in the practice from 90% in 2013 to 83% in 2019, with a staggering 71% of women subjected to FGM before the age of 15. Despite these figures, Sierra Leone lacks specific legislation that criminalises FGM, which is traditionally performed by female practitioners known as sowei, as part of rituals that signify a girl’s transition into womanhood.
These cultural practices, while deeply rooted, carry severe health risks, including complications that can lead to infertility and even death. The international community, including the United Nations, has condemned FGM as a grave violation of human rights, with a 2012 resolution calling for a global ban.
Controversial Statements and Their Repercussions
Fatima Maada Bio, who has a background in film production, has faced criticism not only for her comments on FGM but also for her continued rental of a council flat in Southwark, London, despite her children being British citizens. Recently, Southwark Council confirmed the flat had been repossessed, adding another layer of controversy to her public image.
In her defence, Bio stated that her remarks had been misinterpreted and were intended to encourage dialogue among women who feel marginalised. She expressed that she does not support any form of circumcision that is forced upon individuals and noted that as a circumcised woman, she seeks credible evidence of the harms associated with FGM in Sierra Leone.
In a recent social media post, she shared an article from the BMJ Journal of Medical Ethics that questioned the narratives surrounding anti-FGM campaigns, which has further aggravated her critics. She specifically named several prominent anti-FGM campaigners, labelling them as ineffective in their efforts for Sierra Leone, which has raised further alarm among advocacy groups.
The Legal Landscape and International Pressure
The Economic Community of West African States (Ecowas) court has categorised FGM as one of the most severe forms of violence against women. It recently mandated Sierra Leone to enact laws criminalising the practice and to implement measures protecting victims. Despite these directives, President Bio has not publicly acknowledged the court’s ruling, and recent legislation, such as the Child Rights Act 2025, failed to address FGM explicitly.
The lack of legal action against FGM, combined with the First Lady’s ambiguous stance, poses a significant challenge to efforts aimed at eradicating the practice. With Sierra Leone’s historical context of FGM and the current political climate, the need for decisive leadership and clear messaging on this issue has never been more critical.
Why it Matters
The controversy surrounding Fatima Maada Bio’s comments reflects broader societal tensions regarding FGM in Sierra Leone. Her position carries weight not only as a national leader but also as a voice for women and girls who suffer the consequences of this harmful practice. The response from health professionals and activists underscores the urgent need for comprehensive strategies that address FGM and uphold the rights of women and girls in Sierra Leone. As the nation grapples with its cultural practices and international obligations, the dialogue around FGM must evolve into actionable commitments that prioritise health, safety, and human rights for all.