The 61st Venice Biennale kicked off under a shroud of rain and political strife, as the art world’s most prestigious event faced protests, resignations, and a palpable tension surrounding the participation of contentious nations. The event, which began on Tuesday, was marked by the absence of its late curator Koyo Kouoh and the looming shadow of geopolitical conflicts that have shaped the landscape of contemporary art.
A Stormy Beginning
As the clouds gathered over the Venetian skyline, the atmosphere at the Biennale was anything but festive. Amidst the usual celebrations, a significant undercurrent of dissent was evident. British artist Lubaina Himid, known for her provocative commentary on colonial histories, showcased her work within the UK pavilion, featuring large-scale paintings and an evocative sound collage reminiscent of a quintessential British summer.
In stark contrast, the Russian pavilion, notorious for its previous absences due to international backlash over the Ukraine conflict, was a hub of revelry. Despite widespread calls for the nation to be barred from the event, it managed to secure a spot, albeit amidst growing outrage. Large crates of prosecco adorned the pavilion’s exterior, and techno music reverberated within, marking a surreal celebration in the face of global condemnation.
Turmoil and Resignations
The Biennale’s opening was further marred by the mass resignation of the jury responsible for awarding the prestigious Golden Lion prizes. The jury’s decision to step down was a direct response to the inclusion of countries whose leaders face international arrest warrants, namely Russia and Israel. This bold stance reflects the increasingly politicised nature of the art world, where cultural platforms are scrutinised for their impact on global narratives.
Italian culture officials announced that the Russian pavilion would remain closed to the public when the event officially opens on 9 May. Nevertheless, the artwork, which includes floral sculptures, will be visible through the pavilion’s windows, highlighting a symbolic presence that Ukrainian culture minister Tetyana Berezhna deemed “meaningful.” She stated, “Cultural platforms shape global perception… every form of representation matters.”
Geopolitical Underpinnings
The event’s geopolitical tensions were palpable as several nations grappled with their own political climates. The Iranian pavilion withdrew unexpectedly, possibly reflecting the precariousness of ongoing negotiations with the US. Meanwhile, a protest ensued in the giardini, where approximately 60 artists participated in a performance titled “Solidarity Drone Chorus,” expressing their dissent against Israel’s presence. More than 200 artists, including prominent figures like Himid and Alfredo Jaar, signed an open letter demanding the cancellation of the Israeli pavilion.
This year’s Biennale, however, carries a poignant resonance, as it is the first without Koyo Kouoh, the visionary curator who passed away in May 2025. The surviving curatorial team, comprised of Marie Hélène Pereira, Rasha Salti, Gabe Beckhurst Feijoo, Rory Tsapayi, and Siddhartha Mitter, have endeavoured to honour her legacy. Works referencing Kouoh, such as a striking mural by Derrick Adams positioned at the Arsenale entrance, serve as both tribute and reminder of her impactful vision.
Performance and Popularity Amidst the Chaos
Despite the surrounding turmoil, the Biennale has not lacked in spectacle. The Austrian pavilion has emerged as one of the event’s primary attractions, with choreographer Florentina Holzinger captivating audiences through her striking performance titled “Seaworld Venice.” Suspended from a crane inside a bell, Holzinger’s act alternates between serene and chaotic, mirroring the Biennale’s own narrative of conflict and creativity.
In a quirky twist, a seagull nesting near Poland’s pavilion has also drawn attention, with festival staff creating a protective barrier around the bird. This unexpected presence has elicited amusement from visitors, who may inadvertently overlook the deeper themes of the event.
Why it Matters
The Venice Biennale serves as a vital barometer for the intersection of art and global politics. As artists grapple with the implications of their countries’ actions on the world stage, the event’s controversies amplify the urgency for dialogue and reflection. The decisions made within the realm of art have the power to shape cultural perceptions and influence political narratives. In an era marked by division and strife, the Biennale stands as a poignant reminder of the transformative potential of art to challenge, provoke, and inspire change.
